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Contributed by UVA Health Services
Nearly 49,000 Americans die by suicide each year. That’s one death every 11 minutes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For the last two decades, the rate of suicide has been steadily rising across many age and demographic groups. Experts, including Imran Akram, MD, medical director of Behavioral Health at UVA Health Prince William Medical Center, say that greater awareness of warning signs and reduced stigma surrounding mental health are helping change the trajectory.
September is Suicide Prevention Month — a time to raise awareness, shift public perception, share vital information and resources for suicide prevention, and encourage people to seek help.
Reducing the Stigma
For generations, those associating a stigma with suicide, mental illness, and mental health left many suffering in isolation. “The role of science has proven that this is just like any other medical illness. The stigma can be overcome by sharing the scientific developments and research. The discussion has become very productive and formidable, and we’re seeing the results of that. We’re identifying and treating problems we weren’t before. We’re being proactive now instead of reactive.”
What Increases Risk?
Suicide risk is complex, influenced by individual, relationship, and societal factors, such as:
- Individual: Family history of depression or mental illness, previous attempts, bipolar disorder, substance use, trauma or PTSD, chronic illness such as cancer, and financial or legal stress
- Relationship: Divorce, spousal abuse or trauma, family violence, bullying in children
- Societal: Stigma, lack of awareness, easy access to weapons and substances
“Here in Prince William County, we often see cases related to substance use, relationship issues, challenges with cultural assimilation, and financial stressors,” Akram notes.
Critical Warning Signs
Being alert to warning signs of worsening mental illness — both in yourself and others — can save lives. Warning signs may include:
- Withdrawal from friends and family
- Worsening anxiety or depression
- Talking about being a burden or wanting to die
- Increased drug or alcohol use
- Mood swings or sudden agitation
- Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
- Searching for methods to self-harm
- Social media posts about hopelessness or unbearable pain
- Dealing with a sudden or severe stressor, such as job loss, financial strain, or family loss
Starting the Conversation
Many hesitate to talk about suicide because they fear saying the wrong thing.
“Whoever is reaching out should have a good relationship with that person, so they know you’re reliable and have their best interest at heart,” he says. “Be non-judgmental in your conversation, and immediately assess the urgency of the situation. Ensure their environment is safe by removing drugs, medications, weapons, and other lethal means.”
The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) recommends opening the conversation with specific signs you have observed, such as withdrawal or lack of interest in regular activities. Ask directly if they might be struggling with suicidal thoughts, then listen, express concern, and reassure them. Let them know that they’re not alone and you are there to help.
If there is immediate danger, call 911 or go to the emergency room, where a psychiatric team can assess the individual and start treatment. For less urgent cases, encourage therapy, group sessions, or psychiatric evaluation and treatment.
The Role of Connection and Community
Human connection can be lifesaving. “Societies that encourage openness and getting help, and work to overcome the stigma, are the most protective,” Akram says. “Education and awareness of risk factors and warning signs are critical. When we educate, we save lives.”
“Suicide Prevention Month is a great time to build awareness, but mental illness is a year-round struggle,” he says. “We must overcome the stigma because there is no other way to treat an illness than getting help. Suicide is preventable Don’t hesitate to come forward. If you’re struggling, seek help. If someone you know is at risk, step in.”
If you or someone you know is in crisis, help is available 24/7:
- Call or text 988 – Suicide and Crisis Lifeline
- If there is immediate danger, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department
- Contact UVA Health Behavioral Health Prince William during normal operating hours at 703.369.8465
